![]() Pothinus resented any challenge to his authority (he was acting chancellor and so controlled Egypt’s finances) and was openly insolent to Caesar – doing untold damage to the cause of his ward Ptolemy.Ĭleopatra was determined to make the most of Pothinus’ miscalculation and managed to arrange a secret meeting with Caesar. He insisted that Ptolemy and Cleopatra dismiss their armies and reminded Pothinus that the heirs of Ptolemy Auletes owed him 6000 talents (a large sum of money). He landed with a small force and made his way to the palace. Pothinus, the ever present guardian of Ptolemy XIII and the real power behind his throne, stirred the Alexandrian mob up against Caesar but Caesar was not easily frightened. Octavian gave her the choice to choose how she died.Caesar announced his intention to execute Ptolemy Auletes will (under which Cleopatra was co-regent with Ptolemy XIII). In 31 BCE, the apex of the fight been Mark Antony and Octavian is a naval battle, which is easily won by Octavian.In 37 BCE, Mark Antony marries Cleopatra and sparks a war with Octavian.Octavian is the only major threat to Anthony’s command of Roman. In 40 BCE, Mark Antony marries Octavian’s sister to form a strong alliance between the two.In 42 BCE, Cleopatra meets Mark Antony convinces him not to attack the Parthian Empire and to have her younger sister Arsinoe executed in Rome.While never proven, many believed Cleopatra poisoned her younger brother to have absolute control over Egypt. In 44 BCE, about a month after Julius Caesar’s assassination, Ptolemy XIV dies of poisoning.A child believed to be fathered by Julius Caesar. In 46 BCE, Cleopatra gives birth to Caesarion.In 47 BCE, Julius Caesar installs Cleopatra and her younger brother Ptolemy XIV as joint rulers of Egypt.While trying to escape the final battle, Ptolemy XIII drowns in a capsized ship. In 47 BCE, Cleopatra and Julius Caesar use their armies to defeat Ptolemy XIII.This action enrages Julius Caesar and demands both Cleopatra and Ptolemy XIII disband their armies. Pompey flees to Egypt but is assassinated by Ptolemy XIII. In 48 BCE, Julius Caesar wins the civil war with Pompey.In 49 BCE, Cleopatra army loses a fight against her brother Ptolemy XIII and withdraws from Alexandria.At the age of 18, Cleopatra marries her 10 year old brother Ptolemy XIII and they became co-rulers of the Ptolemaic Kingdom. In 51 BCE, Cleopatra’s father Ptolemy XII dies.In 58 BCE, Cleopatra’s father Ptolemy XII was expelled from Egypt by courtiers in Alexandria.The way Cleopatra committed suicide is heavily debated by historians. A common belief is she died from the bite of an Egyptian cobra or asp bite. Roman historians claimed she killed herself with a toxic onement. Cleopatra took her own life after she was captured by Octavian.The exact date of her death isn’t recorded in any surviving records. Cleopatra died at the age of 39 in August 30 BCE, in Alexandria, Roman Egypt.The three children by Cleopatra and Mark Antony were Cleopatra Selene II, Alexander Helios and Ptolemy Philadelphus (Ptolemy XVI Philadelphus Antonius).The child by Cleopatra and Julius Caesar was Caesarion (Ptolemy XV Philopator Philometor Caesar).Cleopatra had four children, one with Julius Caesar and three with Mark Antony.Cleopatra’s first two marriages were to her younger brothers.Her first husband was Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator. Cleopatra was married three times throughout her lifetime.Some historians believe Cleopatra V, Ptolemy XII sister, could have been Cleopatra’s mother. Cleopatra was the daughter of Ptolemaic pharaoh Ptolemy XII. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |